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| Registros recuperados: 32 | |
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| Fleming, Euan M.; Fleming, Pauline. |
| Fortunes in the agricultural sectors of four of the largest South Pacific countries are traced in recent decades by estimating the single factoral terms of trade index. The single factoral terms of trade are measured for agriculture in four Melanesian countries-Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu-over the period, 1970 to 2002. This index provides a useful method to assess changes in returns to factors employed in agricultural production in these countries. Except in Solomon Islands, farmers experienced a deteriorating index, indicating that they have reaped progressively lower returns to their resources. In Solomon Islands, returns to resources are shown to have increased slightly. A sustained contribution by the agricultural sector to... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Factoral terms of trade; Melanesia; Smallholders; Total factor productivity; International Development; D24; O12; O47; Q17. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25715 |
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| Laske,Carlos Henrique; Teixeira,Bruno Borges Machado; Dionello,Nelson José Laurino; Cardoso,Fernando Flores. |
| The objectives of this study were to define breeding objectives and derive economic weights for production traits in family-based beef cattle systems, assess the sensitivity of these weights to changes in market and husbandry indicators and estimate the expected genetic changes in the selection criteria proposed. Based on data from the production systems, farms revenues and expenses, obtained from interviews and meetings with producers, a bioeconomic model was derived, relating biological traits of animals with the financial result of the production system based on calf-crop, selling male calves and culling cows for finishing. Traits considered in the model as breeding goals were weaning rate, weaning weight and cow weight. The economic weights, obtained... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Beef cattle; Breeding objectives; Economic weights; Selection; Smallholders. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982012000200010 |
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| Gebremedhin, Berhanu; Jaleta, Moti. |
| The literature on commercial transformation of smallholders makes little distinction between market orientation (production decision based on market signals) and market participation (sale of output). However, policy implications to enhance commercial transformation of subsistence agriculture drawn from the analysis of the determinants of household market participation alone could be inadequate, if in fact, the determinants of market orientation and market participation are not the same or not consistent with each other. This paper analyzes the determinants of market orientation and market participation in Ethiopia separately and examines if market orientation translates into market participation. Empirical results show that the determinants of market... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Commercialization; Smallholders; Market orientation; Market participation; Marketing; C21; C24; Q12; Q13. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96159 |
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| Chamberlin, Jordan; Pender, John L.; Yu, Bingxin. |
| The choices that smallholder farmers are able to make are strongly conditioned by the geographic conditions in which they live. The importance of this fact for rural development strategy is not lost on policy makers. For example, the government of Ethiopia frequently frames policy discussions by broadly different geographical conditions of moisture availability, recognizing moisture reliable, drought prone and pastoralist areas. These conditions are seen as important criteria for determining the nature, extent and priority of development interventions for different parts of the country. There is considerable evidence, however, that other geographical factors also have important implications for rural development options. This paper uses agroecology, access... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Smallholders; Small farmers; Geographic conditions; Rural development strategies; Development policy; Agro-ecology; Market access; Livelihoods; Population density; International Development. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55410 |
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| Birthal, Pratap Singh; Joshi, P.K.; Roy, Devesh; Thorat, Amit. |
| Agricultural diversification towards high-value crops can potentially increase farm incomes, especially in a country like India where demand for high-value food products has been increasing more quickly than that for staple crops. Indian agriculture is overwhelmingly dominated by smallholders, and researchers have long debated the ability of a smallholder-dominated subsistence farm economy to diversify into riskier high-value crops. Here, we present evidence that the gradual diversification of Indian agriculture towards high-value crops exhibits a pro-smallholder bias, with smallholders playing a proportionally larger role in the cultivation of vegetables versus fruits. The observed patterns are consistent with simple comparative advantage-based production... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Diversification; Smallholders; High-value agriculture; Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42372 |
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| Bellon, Mauricio R.; Gambara, Peter; Gatsi, Tendai; MacHemedze, Timothy E.; Maminimini, Obert; Waddington, Stephen R.. |
| Soil infertility is a major constraint to food production in the communal areas of Zimbabwe. Smallholders in the region recognize the problems of low soil fertility and have devised ways of coping with them. This study describes the use of farmers taxonomies of themselves and their soils to identify and understand the options they have, and the constraints they face in managing poor soil fertility in Chihota, a sub-humid communal area of north central Zimbabwe. It is part of an effort by a group of agricultural researchers and extensionists working on improved soil fertility technologies, to better integrate their work with farmers in order to expose the latter to promising technologies, get feedback on the technologies merits and feasibility, and help... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Participatory methods; Soil fertility; Local taxonomies; Smallholders; Zimbabwe; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7677 |
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| Okello, Julius Juma; Narrod, Clare A.; Roy, Devesh. |
| Many African countries have moved into the production of non-traditional agricultural products, in an effort to diversify their exports and increase foreign currency earnings. However, in order to access developed country markets and urban domestic markets, these products must meet food safety requirements, including protocols relating to pesticide residues, field and pack house operations, and traceability. Faced with stringent food safety requirements, companies that establish production centers in low-income countries might exclude poor farmers, thus negatively impacting the poor. We herein study this issue in the case of the green bean export sectors in three African countries: Ethiopia, Kenya and Zambia. In the short-term, stringent food safety... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International food safety standards; Smallholders; Supply chains; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42362 |
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| Gadzikwa, Lawrence; Lyne, Michael C.; Hendriks, Sheryl L.. |
| This study investigated the prevalence and determinants of free-riding in the Ezemvelo Farmers’ Organization (EFO), a group of certified organic crop growers in South Africa, using data gathered in a census survey of its 151 partially and fully certified members. The computed free-riding index scores suggested that free-riding posed a serious threat to the group’s collective marketing efforts. Regression analysis showed that members who were male, poorly educated, aware of loopholes in the grading system, and who did not trust the buyer, were more likely to free-ride. In the longer term, the EFO should address institutionalized free-riding by issuing tradable ownership rights. In the short term, it must engage with the packhouse (buyer) to remove flaws in... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Smallholders; Organic crops; Collective marketing; Free-riding; Crop Production/Industries; Industrial Organization. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57014 |
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| von Maltitz, Graham P.; CSIR, South Africa; Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa; gvmalt@csir.co.za; Gasparatos, Alexandros; Integrated Research System for Sustainability Science (IR3S), University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; gasparatos@ir3s.u-tokyo.ac.jp; Fabricius, Christo; Sustainability Research Unit, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South Africa; christo.fabricius@nmmu.ac.za; Morris, Abbie; Independent development practitioner, Malawi; Chittock.abbie@gmail.com; Willis, Kathy J.; Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, UK; Royal Botanical Gardens Kew, UK; kathy.willis@zoo.ox.ac.uk. |
| Jatropha-based biofuels have undergone a rapid boom-and-bust cycle in southern Africa. Despite strong initial support by governments, donors, and the private sector, there is a lack of empirical studies that compare the environmental and socioeconomic impacts of Jatropha’s two dominant modes of production: large plantations and smallholder-based projects. We apply a rapid ecosystem services assessment approach to understand the impact of two Jatropha projects that are still operational despite widespread project collapse across southern Africa: a smallholder-based project (BERL, Malawi) and a large plantation (Niqel, Mozambique). Our study focuses on changes in provisioning ecosystem services such as biofuel feedstock, food, and woodland products... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Ecosystem services; Jatropha; Malawi; Mozambique; Smallholders. |
| Ano: 2016 |
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| Skutsch, Margaret; Centro de Investigaciones en Geografia Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; mskutsch@ciga.unam.mx; de los Rios, Emilio; REMBIO, Mexico; emiliodelos@gmail.com; Solis, Silvia; Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; solis.sm@gmail.com; Riegelhaupt, Enrique; REMBIO, Mexico; riegelya@yahoo.com; Hinojosa, Daniel; Centro de Investigaciones en Geografia Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; idhinojosaf@gmail.com; Gerfert, Sonya; University of Twente, the Netherlands; s.gerfert@student.utwente.nl; Gao, Yan; Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; yangao98@gmail.com; Masera, Omar; Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; omasera@gmail.com. |
| Three case studies from Mexico are presented in which the impacts of the recent introduction of jatropha cultivation for biodiesel production are examined. In Chiapas and Michoacan, local social and environmental impacts were assessed using interviews with key informants and questionnaires directed at three groups of stakeholders: jatropha cultivators, farmers in the same areas who are not cultivating jatropha, and laborers on jatropha farms. Results show that the farmers are primarily motivated to participate by the subsidies offered in a government program in the first 2 years, rather than any proven economic benefit. Our farm budget study indicated that profits would be marginal for these farmers. However, no cases of land alienation were involved, and... |
| Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports |
Palavras-chave: Biodiesel; Carbon balance; Estates; Smallholders; Sustainability. |
| Ano: 2011 |
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| Lapar, Ma. Lucila A.; Toan, Nguyen Ngoc; Que, Nguyen Ngoc; Jabbar, Mohammad A.; Tisdell, Clement A.; Staal, Steven J.. |
| This paper reports on the findings of a study to investigate market outlet choice decision-making of urban consumers in Vietnam with regards to fresh pork purchases and generate empirical evidence on factors that influence these choices. Data from a survey of 600 consumers in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City was used to estimate a multinomial logit model of market outlet choice based on three alternatives: traditional temporary market outlets, permanent open markets, and modern retail outlets. Results suggest that market outlet choice by consumers of fresh pork in urban cities of Vietnam is conditioned by factors related to mobility and level of affluence, time budgets, concerns about food safety and hygiene, proximity to market outlets, and geographical... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Market outlet choice; Pork supply chain; Smallholders; Vietnam; Agricultural and Food Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing; D01; C25. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51437 |
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| Registros recuperados: 32 | |
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